用户自建个人感知系统中的本体边界协商研究
Negotiating Ontological Boundaries in User-Authored Personal Sensing Systems
本研究通过设计两种基于 Wizard of Oz 技术的开放式探测工具，探讨了用户在训练个性化机器学习系统时如何定义自身现象。在为期一周的探索性研究中，参与者在日常生活中对现象边界、主体关系、信号与噪声的区分以及数据客观性等四个维度进行了本体边界协商。研究为支持本体设计中的边界协商提供了起点，并讨论了开放式探测作为一种本体设计方法的应用价值。
AuthorsNava Haghighi†**, Danielle Olson, Halden Lin**, Erdrin Azemi, Gierad Laput, Kayur Patel**, James Landay†
Designed artifacts are ontological, shaping, and at times limiting, what becomes possible or imaginable. One path toward mitigating such foreclosures is giving people power over how systems are designed and built. Despite decades of scholarship around systems that enable such authorship, these systems are often evaluated on whether or not they are usable, useful, or technically feasible, leaving questions of ontological boundary negotiation, unexamined. We design two open-ended probes that utilize a Wizard of Oz technique to enable the experience of training a personalized machine learning system on phenomena people define themselves. In a week-long exploratory study, participants use one of two probes in the course of their everyday lives. We identify four sites where ontological boundaries were negotiated; the boundaries of a phenomena, the subject as part of relations, what is signal and what is noise, and the objectivity of data. We offer starting points for supporting boundary negotiation through design and discuss open-ended probes as a method for ontological design.
- † Stanford University
- ** Work done while at Apple
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This paper was accepted at the AI4TCI (Workshop on AI for Secure and Trustworthy Critical Infrastructure Systems) Workshop at the International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security (ARES) 2026.
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来源：Apple Machine Learning Research · machinelearning.apple.com